Pigment in the skin and its formation can be divided into 3 different phases: the production of the pigment, the release of the pigment package into the skinand the presence of the visible pigment in the skin horny layer.

Targeted pigment serum has been developed with a triple action to reduce unwanted pigment spots on the face.

Effect of the ingredients

PHASE 1: Reduce pigment at the source

Arbutin: This ingredient comes from berries. Its effect is based on the inhibition of tyrosinase activity in the pigment cell (melanocyte). This is an enzyme involved in the production of pigment in the skin.

Resveratrol: An ingredient obtained from grapes and berries. Like Arbutin, it reduces tyrosinase activity in melanocytes.

Phyllanthus Emblica Fruit Extract: In addition to an anti-oxidant effect on the skin, this also has an inhibitory effect on the tyrosinase. It is just as effective as 2% Kojic Acid and 3% Magnesium Ascorbyl Phospate (Vitamin C).

PHASE 2: pigment release

Niacinamide – also known as Vitamin B3: It inhibits the release of pigment packets from a pigment cell (melanocyte) to the skin cells (keratinocytes).

PHASE 3: pigment in horny layer

Malic & lactic acid: If pigment does end up in the skin cells, apple (malic) and lactic acid (lactic) can slightly peel the skin. This reduces the number of pigments in the skin cells faster.